The Biosphere: Understanding Earth's Zone of Life

 Biosphere:

The part of earth where populations of different species live and interact is called "Biosphere" or "zone of life". In biosphere organisms  not only live but also interact with their environment, adapting  to control physical and chemical conditions of their surrounding. Each organisms live in its specific habitat.

Habitat:

       The specific place where organism live and respond to external factors is called habitat. There are number of environmental factors; such are cold, light, temperature and air etc. Every organism live in their special habitat. They modify themselves according to their habitat.

Niche:

    The ultimate distributional unit with in  which specie is restrained by the limitation of its physical structure and physiology. Niche is related to habitat. Niche is termed as role of organism in environment but habitat is a place where organism live. An American ornithologist (related to study of birds) Joseph

Grinnell proposed concept of niche in 1917.
This concept help in study of behavior and interaction of organisms.

Examples:

   1.  A spider control population of insects and protect plant by hunting these insects. It is like a job of spider.

2. In water starfish eats snail . Increase in number of snail is dangerous for other little organisms which  are eaten by snails. star fish predate on snail, helping to regulate their population.

3. Plants produce food for other organisms and maintain climate by evaporation, absorbing sunlight and

pollutants.

4. Predators eat herbivores to maintain their numbers and also protect from deficiency of plants. 

Component of Niche:

    There are number of component of niche some are following:

1. Habitat: Specific place of organisms.
2.  Reproductive strategies: Reproduction of organisms by sexual or asexual.
3.  Interaction between different organisms for: Food, place and for other factors.
4.  Abiotic factors: Organisms tolerate with temperature, air, water and nutrients.
5.  Sources of food: Organisms consume their food by plants or animals.

 Ecosystem:

    A place where biotic factors depend on and interact with abiotic factors called ecosystem of its environment. Eco means "Environment" and system means "A collection of related part that function as unit". For example: A forest, a pound. 

There are two main types of ecosystem:

1. Hydrospheric ecosystem
2. Terrestrial ecosystem

Biome:

    Biome is a large ecological region characterized by climate, vegetation and specific type of ecosystem. Biomes are classified based on the climate and dominate plant life in a region.  Biomes consist of combination of plant and animals in the fully developed climax community. It include multiple ecosystems. Some major biomes are forest, grassland and desert. 

Climate:

    The overall patterns of weather from year to year even centuries to centuries in a specific region.

Climate can be predict for upto30 years and is stable for long period.

Weather:

    Weather is a short-term condition of atmosphere at specific time in specific place. Weather is always changed by changing in its component such as temperature, pressure and humidity. It is unpredictable 

for years because it change quickly and can predict for day to week.